诗歌翻译:潘岳《秋兴赋》

小编导读：《秋兴赋》是西晋文学家潘岳的作品。通过对秋哀感情的抒发，对秋景铺陈的描写，对“齐天地”观念深刻的议论，表达了对达官显贵们的轻蔑和自己处境的愤懑，从而表示了归隐避祸的决心。



潘岳 《秋兴赋》

晋十有四年，余春秋三十有二，始见二毛。以太尉掾，兼虎贲中郎将，寓直于散骑之省。高阁连云，阳景罕曜，珥蝉冕而袭纨绮之士，此焉游处。仆野人也，偃息不过茅屋茂林之下，谈话不过农夫田父之客。摄官承乏，猥厕朝列，夙兴晏寝，匪遑卮宁，譬犹池鱼笼鸟，有江湖山薮之思。于是染翰操纸，慨然而赋。于时秋也，故以“秋兴”命篇。辞曰：

四时忽其代序兮，万物纷以回薄。览花莳之时育兮，察盛衰之所托。感冬索而春敷兮，嗟夏茂而秋落。虽末士之荣悴兮，伊人情之美恶。善乎宋玉之言曰：“悲哉，秋之为气也！萧瑟兮草木摇落而变衰，缭栗兮若在远行，登山临水送将归”。夫送归怀慕徒之恋兮，远行有羁旅之愤。临川感流以叹逝兮，登山怀远而悼近。彼四戚之疚心兮，遭一涂而难忍。嗟秋日之可哀兮，谅无愁而不尽。

野有归燕，隰有翔隼。游氛朝兴，槁叶夕殒。于是乃屏轻莎，释纤絺，藉莞箬，御袷衣。庭树槭以洒落兮，劲风戾而吹帷。蝉恢恢而寒吟兮，雁飘飘而南飞。天晃朗以弥高兮，日悠阳而浸微。何微阳之短晷，觉凉夜之方永。月瞳朦以含光兮，露凄清以凝冷。熠耀粲于阶闼兮，蟋蟀鸣乎轩屏。听离鸿之晨吟兮，望流火之余景。宵耿介而不寐兮，独辗转于华省。

悟时岁之遒尽兮，慨伏首而自省。斑鬓髟以承弁兮，素发飒以垂领。仰群俊之逸轨兮，攀云汉以游骋。登春台之熙熙兮，珥金貂之炯炯。苟趣舍之殊涂兮，庸讵识其躁静。闻至人之休风兮，齐天地于一指。彼知安而忘危兮，故出生而入死。行投趾于容迹兮，殆不践而获底。阙侧足以及泉兮，虽猴猿而不履。龟祀骨于宗祧兮，思反身于绿水。且敛衽以归来兮，忽投绂以高厉。耕东皋之沃壤兮，输黍稷之余税。泉涌湍于石间兮，菊扬芳于崖筮。澡秋水之涓涓兮，玩游攸之澼澼。逍遥乎山川之阿，放旷乎人间之世。悠哉游哉，聊以卒岁。



On the Words of Great Men
Luo Yin

In the fourteenth year of Jin, having attained the age of thirty-two, I begin to find whitehairs on my top. As one of the subordinate knights of the Lord of War and at the same time alieutenant general of the "Warriors of Tigerish Dash", I serve concurrently as an ImperialAttendant of the Department of Court Affairs. High mansions and pavilion touch the clouds;splendid spectacles shine brilliantly in the sun. Gentlemen wearing coronets decorated withjade cicadae and clothed with taffetas and tiffanies frequent this place. I am a countryman,lying at rest in the past only under a thatched roof and in the luxuriant woods, holdingconverse formerly but with farmers and tillers of the soil. Taking charge of the official posts tofill up the vacancies, I stand in the ranks of the court; rising early in the morning and retiringlate at night, I find no occasion for tranquil repose of heart and mind. It is like fishes in thepond or birds in cages longing for rivers and lakes, marshes and mountains. So I stain mybrush and spread paper to compose a fu for giving expression to my thoughts at this time ofthe autumn, calling it thus Autumn Feelings, which runs like this:
The turnings of the seasons pass speedily, taking place one by one in order;
All things shake and avoid one another in ways manifold.
I see the blooms and the sprouts growing in their time,
And observe the flourish and decline of things by them told.
Feeling the desolation of winter and the richness of spring,
I sight at summer's luxuriance and autumn's leaves russet and gold.
From the humble scholar's favourable or depressed state,
Could be gathered the high or low spirits people in general hold.

Well it is said by Song Yu:

"Saddening, ah, is the breath of autumn, lonely and astringent;
Shaken by it, grass and woods shed leaves and become enervate;
Grieving and cheerless it is as one leaving for a distant land,
Or one going up hills and down to the water-side to bid adieu, returning late."
For seeing off and returning, trudging and pining for the one who is gone;
Embarking on a long voyage, alone among strangers, sad and forlorn;
Standing beside a stream to muse on its flow and grieve over the fleeting of time;
And climbing up mounts to yearn for a distant one, and a near one to mourn:
These four grievous burdens weigh down heavily people's hearts,
Any single one of which would be hard enough to bear;
The autumnal days of theirs are so laden with sorrows,
That no sort of sadness, say, has not become their share.
Over the wilds fly the homing swallows;
Above the lowland hovers the marsh falcon
A floating haze rises in the morning;
In the evening drop the leaves fallen.
So then, I lay aside the light fan
And put away clothes of gauzy lawn,
Sit and lie on mats of fine weave
And wear my lined gown.
Trees in my yard rustle and let fall their leaves;
Gusts of winds blow on the curtains with might;
The cicadae sing in a subdued tone in the cool air;
Wild-geese fly in rows southward in flapping flight.
The sky shines more brightly and ever higher does as appear;
The livelong daylight gets shorter every day;
How the dwindling light shortens the daytime!
The cooler night is felt to be much longer in its way.
The moon shines in its luminescent rotundity;
The dews in clear translucence fix the cold of the night sky;
Beams immaculate spread on the steps and doorway;
Crickets sing at the paneled partition in the corridor nearby.
I listen to the morning moans of the departing wild answers,
And look at the remaining twinkles of the vanishing Flame.
I stay up all night, unlike others, all alone,
Ruminating over a host of things, so diverse, never the same.
I ponder on the ending of the year and my spent time,
Lowering my head feelingly to examine doings of mine;
Gray tufts round my ears grow long to signify ashes of the past,
Hoary hairs hang down my collar bespeaking decline.
I think of those clever and capable setting aside the rule,
Clambering up above the clouds to soar in the sky;
They succeed in rising upon the spring platform of pleasaunce,
Pitching their coronets with gold drops and marten tails of the high.
If one aims at striking a new path for himself,
How could he see the fitness of following suit or otherwise?
I have heard of the excellent way of the supreme man,
Who regards all things from heaven to earth as of the same size.
Those people have come to know security, forgetting danger,
Unaware that they have left life to build their own mound.
Being ashamed of what they have been as they are,
They think they could be erect without standing on the ground;
For side-stepping to get to the spring of a bubbling well,
Even a monkey would not play such a poor game;
The tortoise, before he is burnt for lot-casting in a temple,
Always wishes to return to the green water wherefrom it came.
So, let me in all solemnity get back home,
Throwing off my official burden to stay aloof, carefree in mind,
To till the rich loam of the eastern upland,
And pay my portion of taxes of corn and millet in kind.
The fountain gushes forth its currents among the rocks;
The chrysanthemums spread their fairness;
I wish to bathe myself in the ripples of the autumnal stream on the hillside and in the meadows,
And watch the swift darting, in water, of the white minnows.
Thus, I may wander freely by the sides of mountains and rivers,
Be at large to do what pleases me in this wide human world,
Taking ease to the top of my bent,
Passing the end of the year, full well content.