oebuild&bitbake使用笔记

oebuild

oebuild是openeuler开发环境构建的工具。主要在创建、进入开发环境时使用。

oebuild对python的版本要求比较高，至少为python3.8及以上，版本越高越好。

# 创建开发环境
oebuild init <work_dir>

# 更新oebuild环境，拉取最新镜像、源码等
oebuild update

# 显示帮助信息
oebuild generate --help

# 显示支持的平台和特性
oebuild generate --list

# 创建镜像构建环境
oebuild generate -p <平台> -d <构建目录> [-f <特性> ...]

# 进入构建环境
oebuild bitbake

# 不进入构建环境，仅执行bitbake命令
oebuild bitbake <命令>

bitbake

bitbake是构建镜像使用的命令，bitbake按照指定的配方进行构建。

# 构建指定配方中的指定任务
bitbake <配方名> [-c <任务>]

例子：

# 构建openeuler镜像
bitbake openeuler-image

其中openeuler-image就是配方名，配方名中一般不包含_下划线，对应的文件为<配方名>.bb，openeuler-image对应的配方路径为yocto-meta-openeuler/meta-openeuler/recipes-core/images/openeuler-image.bb

每个配方可包含多个任务，若执行bitbake时不使用-c指定需要执行的任务，则会执行默认的任务do_build,若想查看配方有哪些可执行的任务，可以执行bitbake <配方名> -c listtasks查看可执行的任务。

当一个任务因为系统卡顿、网络错误等原因出现错误时，可根据日志中的错误信息，定位对应的配方。使用bitbake <配方名> -c clean清空对应配方的构建，重新构建即可。

| make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/binutils-2.41/build.arm-openeuler-linux-gnueabi.arm-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/gold'
| make[1]: *** [Makefile:6884: all-gold] Error 2
| make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/binutils-2.41/build.arm-openeuler-linux-gnueabi.arm-openeuler-linux-gnueabi'
| make: *** [Makefile:1005: all] Error 2
| ERROR: oe_runmake failed
| WARNING: /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057:189 exit 1 from 'exit 1'
| WARNING: Backtrace (BB generated script):
|     #1: bbfatal_log, /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057, line 189
|     #2: die, /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057, line 173
|     #3: oe_runmake, /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057, line 168
|     #4: autotools_do_compile, /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057, line 163
|     #5: do_compile, /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057, line 158
|     #6: main, /home/openeuler/build/build_arm64/tmp/work/armv7a-vfp-openeuler-linux-gnueabi/binutils/2.41-r0/temp/run.do_compile.1334057, line 202
ERROR: Task (/usr1/openeuler/src/yocto-poky/../yocto-meta-openeuler/meta-openeuler/recipes-devtools/binutils/binutils_2.41.bb:do_compile) failed with exit code '1'
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 2143 tasks of which 0 didn't need to be rerun and 1 failed.

Summary: 1 task failed:
  /usr1/openeuler/src/yocto-poky/../yocto-meta-openeuler/meta-openeuler/recipes-devtools/binutils/binutils_2.41.bb:do_compile
Summary: There were 6 WARNING messages.
Summary: There were 2 ERROR messages, returning a non-zero exit code.

以上面的错误为例，出错的配方为/usr1/openeuler/src/yocto-poky/../yocto-meta-openeuler/meta-openeuler/recipes-devtools/binutils/binutils_2.41.bb:do_compile，binutils为配方名，2.41为版本号，do_compile是出错的任务。

此时可以清除binutils重新编译bitbake binutils -c clean