【MCU】16bit CPU设计实战(二)

david 2022-03-01 09:00:10 3270
全栈芯片工程师

本CPU设计基于16bit RISC指令集、哈佛结构完成，架构图如下：

CPU架构

A. Memory Access Instructions
1. Load Word:

LD ws, offset(rs1) ws:=Mem16[rs1 + offset]
2. Store Word:

ST rs2, offset(rs1) Mem16[rs1 + offset]=rs2

B. Data Processing Instructions
1. Add:

ADD ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=rs1 + rs2
2. Subtract:

SUB ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=rs1 – rs2
3. Invert (1‘s complement):

INV ws, rs1 ws:=!rs1
4. Logical Shift Left:

LSL ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=rs1
5. Logical Shift Right:

LSR ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=rs1 >> rs2
6. Bitwise AND:

AND ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=rs1 • rs2
7. Bitwise OR:

OR ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=rs1 | rs2
8. Set on Less Than:
SLT ws, rs1, rs2 ws:=1 if rs1

C. Control Flow Instructions
1. Branch on Equal:
BEQ rs1, rs2, offset
Branch to (PC + 2 + (offset
2. Branch on Not Equal:
BNE rs1, rs2, offset
Branch to (PC + 2 + (offset
3. Jump: JMP offset Jump to {PC [15:13], (offset

Instruction Format of the RISC

Processor Control Unit Design:

ALU Control Unit Design:

Verilog code for the RISC processor:

1. Verilog code for Instruction Memory :
<pre style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 18.48px;line-height: 23.1px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 102);font-weight: bold;"></span>
<pre class="code-snippet__js" data-lang="cpp">```
<span class="code-snippet_outer">`include <span class="code-snippet__string">"Parameter.v"</span></span>

// fpga4student.com 

<span class="code-snippet_outer"><span class="code-snippet__comment">// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects </span></span>

// Verilog code for RISC Processor 

<span class="code-snippet_outer"><span class="code-snippet__comment">// Verilog code for Instruction Memory</span></span>

module Instruction_Memory(

<span class="code-snippet_outer"> input[<span class="code-snippet__number">15</span>:<span class="code-snippet__number">0</span>] pc,</span>

output[15:0] instruction

<span class="code-snippet_outer"><span class="code-snippet_outer">)</span>;</span>



<span class="code-snippet_outer"> reg [`col - <span class="code-snippet__number">1</span>:<span class="code-snippet__number">0</span>] memory [`row_i - <span class="code-snippet__number">1</span>:<span class="code-snippet__number">0</span>];</span>

wire [3 : 0] rom_addr = pc[4 : 1];

<span class="code-snippet_outer"> initial</span>

begin

<span class="code-snippet_outer">  $readmemb(<span class="code-snippet__string">"./test/test.prog"</span>, memory,<span class="code-snippet__number">0</span>,<span class="code-snippet__number">14</span>);</span>

end

<span class="code-snippet_outer"> assign instruction =  memory[rom_addr]; </span>



<span class="code-snippet_outer">endmodule</span>



```

#### 2. Verilog code for register file:

```


```

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```

```
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Verilog code for register file
``````
module GPRs(
``````
 input    clk,
``````
 // write port
``````
 input    reg_write_en,
``````
 input  [2:0] reg_write_dest,
``````
 input  [15:0] reg_write_data,
``````
 //read port 1
``````
 input  [2:0] reg_read_addr_1,
``````
 output  [15:0] reg_read_data_1,
``````
 //read port 2
``````
 input  [2:0] reg_read_addr_2,
``````
 output  [15:0] reg_read_data_2
``````
);
``````
 reg [15:0] reg_array [7:0];
``````
 integer i;
``````
 // write port
``````
 //reg [2:0] i;
``````
 initial begin
``````
  for(i=0;i
``````
   reg_array[i] 
``````
 end
``````
 always @ (posedge clk ) begin
``````
   if(reg_write_en) begin
``````
    reg_array[reg_write_dest] 
``````
   end
``````
 end
``````
 
``````
 assign reg_read_data_1 = reg_array[reg_read_addr_1];
``````
 assign reg_read_data_2 = reg_array[reg_read_addr_2];
``````



``````
endmodule
```
```

```




```

#### 3. Verilog code for Data Memory:

```


```

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```

```
`include "Parameter.v"
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Verilog code for data Memory
``````
module Data_Memory(
``````
 input clk,
``````
 // address input, shared by read and write port
``````
 input [15:0]   mem_access_addr,
``````
 
``````
 // write port
``````
 input [15:0]   mem_write_data,
``````
 input     mem_write_en,
``````
 input mem_read,
``````
 // read port
``````
 output [15:0]   mem_read_data
``````
);
``````



``````
reg [`col - 1:0] memory [`row_d - 1:0];
``````
integer f;
``````
wire [2:0] ram_addr=mem_access_addr[2:0];
``````
initial
``````
 begin
``````
  $readmemb("./test/test.data", memory);
``````
  
``````
  f = $fopen(`filename);
``````
  $fmonitor(f, "time = %d\n", $time, 
``````
  "\tmemory[0] = %b\n", memory[0],   
``````
  "\tmemory[1] = %b\n", memory[1],
``````
  "\tmemory[2] = %b\n", memory[2],
``````
  "\tmemory[3] = %b\n", memory[3],
``````
  "\tmemory[4] = %b\n", memory[4],
``````
  "\tmemory[5] = %b\n", memory[5],
``````
  "\tmemory[6] = %b\n", memory[6],
``````
  "\tmemory[7] = %b\n", memory[7]);
``````
  `simulation_time;
``````
  $fclose(f);
``````
 end
``````
 
``````
 always @(posedge clk) begin
``````
  if (mem_write_en)
``````
   memory[ram_addr] 
``````
 end
``````
 assign mem_read_data = (mem_read==1'b1) ? memory[ram_addr]: 16'd0;
``````



``````
endmodule
```
```

```


```

#### 4. Verilog code for ALU unit:

```


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```

```
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Verilog code for ALU
``````
module ALU(
``````
 input  [15:0] a,  //src1
``````
 input  [15:0] b,  //src2
``````
 input  [2:0] alu_control, //function sel
``````
 
``````
 output reg [15:0] result,  //result 
``````
 output zero
``````
    );
``````



``````
always @(*)
``````
begin 
``````
 case(alu_control)
``````
 3'b000: result = a + b; // add
``````
 3'b001: result = a - b; // sub
``````
 3'b010: result = ~a;
``````
 3'b011: result = a
``````
 3'b100: result = a>>b;
``````
 3'b101: result = a & b; // and
``````
 3'b110: result = a | b; // or
``````
 3'b111: begin if (a16'd1;
``````
    else result = 16'd0;
``````
    end
``````
 default:result = a + b; // add
``````
 endcase
``````
end
``````
assign zero = (result==16'd0) ? 1'b1: 1'b0;
``````
 
``````
endmodule
```
```

####   

#### 5. Verilog code for ALU Control Unit of the RISC processor:

```


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```

```
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
``````
//fpga4student.com: FPGA projects, Verilog projects, VHDL projects
``````
// Verilog code for 16-bit RISC processor
``````
// ALU_Control Verilog code
``````
module alu_control( ALU_Cnt, ALUOp, Opcode);
``````
 output reg[2:0] ALU_Cnt;
``````
 input [1:0] ALUOp;
``````
 input [3:0] Opcode;
``````
 wire [5:0] ALUControlIn;
``````
 assign ALUControlIn = {ALUOp,Opcode};
``````
 always @(ALUControlIn)
``````
 casex (ALUControlIn)
``````
   6'b10xxxx: ALU_Cnt=3'b000;
``````
   6'b01xxxx: ALU_Cnt=3'b001;
``````
   6'b000010: ALU_Cnt=3'b000;
``````
   6'b000011: ALU_Cnt=3'b001;
``````
   6'b000100: ALU_Cnt=3'b010;
``````
   6'b000101: ALU_Cnt=3'b011;
``````
   6'b000110: ALU_Cnt=3'b100;
``````
   6'b000111: ALU_Cnt=3'b101;
``````
   6'b001000: ALU_Cnt=3'b110;
``````
   6'b001001: ALU_Cnt=3'b111;
``````
  default: ALU_Cnt=3'b000;
``````
  endcase
``````
endmodule
```
```

```




```

### 6. Verilog code for Datapath of the RISC processor:

```


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```

```
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Verilog code for Data Path of the processor
``````
module Datapath_Unit(
``````
 input clk,
``````
 input jump,beq,mem_read,mem_write,alu_src,reg_dst,mem_to_reg,reg_write,bne,
``````
 input[1:0] alu_op,
``````
 output[3:0] opcode
``````
);
``````
 reg  [15:0] pc_current;
``````
 wire [15:0] pc_next,pc2;
``````
 wire [15:0] instr;
``````
 wire [2:0] reg_write_dest;
``````
 wire [15:0] reg_write_data;
``````
 wire [2:0] reg_read_addr_1;
``````
 wire [15:0] reg_read_data_1;
``````
 wire [2:0] reg_read_addr_2;
``````
 wire [15:0] reg_read_data_2;
``````
 wire [15:0] ext_im,read_data2;
``````
 wire [2:0] ALU_Control;
``````
 wire [15:0] ALU_out;
``````
 wire zero_flag;
``````
 wire [15:0] PC_j, PC_beq, PC_2beq,PC_2bne,PC_bne;
``````
 wire beq_control;
``````
 wire [12:0] jump_shift;
``````
 wire [15:0] mem_read_data;
``````
 // PC 
``````
 initial begin
``````
  pc_current 
``````
 end
``````
 always @(posedge clk)
``````
 begin 
``````
   pc_current 
``````
 end
``````
 assign pc2 = pc_current + 16'd2;
``````
 // instruction memory
``````
 Instruction_Memory im(.pc(pc_current),.instruction(instr));
``````
 // jump shift left 2
``````
 assign jump_shift = {instr[11:0],1'b0};
``````
 // multiplexer regdest
``````
 assign reg_write_dest = (reg_dst==1'b1) ? instr[5:3] :instr[8:6];
``````
 // register file
``````
 assign reg_read_addr_1 = instr[11:9];
``````
 assign reg_read_addr_2 = instr[8:6];
``````



``````
 // GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTERs
``````
 GPRs reg_file
``````
 (
``````
  .clk(clk),
``````
  .reg_write_en(reg_write),
``````
  .reg_write_dest(reg_write_dest),
``````
  .reg_write_data(reg_write_data),
``````
  .reg_read_addr_1(reg_read_addr_1),
``````
  .reg_read_data_1(reg_read_data_1),
``````
  .reg_read_addr_2(reg_read_addr_2),
``````
  .reg_read_data_2(reg_read_data_2)
``````
 );
``````
 // immediate extend
``````
 assign ext_im = {{10{instr[5]}},instr[5:0]};  
``````
 // ALU control unit
``````
 alu_control ALU_Control_unit(.ALUOp(alu_op),.Opcode(instr[15:12]),.ALU_Cnt(ALU_Control));
``````
 // multiplexer alu_src
``````
 assign read_data2 = (alu_src==1'b1) ? ext_im : reg_read_data_2;
``````
 // ALU 
``````
 ALU alu_unit(.a(reg_read_data_1),.b(read_data2),.alu_control(ALU_Control),.result(ALU_out),.zero(zero_flag));
``````
 // PC beq add
``````
 assign PC_beq = pc2 + {ext_im[14:0],1'b0};
``````
 assign PC_bne = pc2 + {ext_im[14:0],1'b0};
``````
 // beq control
``````
 assign beq_control = beq & zero_flag;
``````
 assign bne_control = bne & (~zero_flag);
``````
 // PC_beq
``````
 assign PC_2beq = (beq_control==1'b1) ? PC_beq : pc2;
``````
 // PC_bne
``````
 assign PC_2bne = (bne_control==1'b1) ? PC_bne : PC_2beq;
``````
 // PC_j
``````
 assign PC_j = {pc2[15:13],jump_shift};
``````
 // PC_next
``````
 assign pc_next = (jump == 1'b1) ? PC_j :  PC_2bne;
``````



``````
 /// Data memory
``````
  Data_Memory dm
``````
   (
``````
    .clk(clk),
``````
    .mem_access_addr(ALU_out),
``````
    .mem_write_data(reg_read_data_2),
``````
    .mem_write_en(mem_write),
``````
    .mem_read(mem_read),
``````
    .mem_read_data(mem_read_data)
``````
   );
``````
 
``````
 // write back
``````
 assign reg_write_data = (mem_to_reg == 1'b1)?  mem_read_data: ALU_out;
``````
 // output to control unit
``````
 assign opcode = instr[15:12];
``````
endmodule
```
```

### 7. Verilog code for the Control Unit of the RISC processor:

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```

```
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Verilog code for Control Unit 
``````
module Control_Unit(
``````
      input[3:0] opcode,
``````
      output reg[1:0] alu_op,
``````
      output reg jump,beq,bne,mem_read,mem_write,alu_src,reg_dst,mem_to_reg,reg_write    
``````
    );
``````



``````
always @(*)
``````
begin
``````
 case(opcode) 
``````
 4'b0000:  // LW
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b1;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b10;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0001:  // SW
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b1;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b10;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0010:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0011:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0100:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0101:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0110:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b0111:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b1000:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b1001:  // data_processing
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b1011:  // BEQ
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b1;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b01;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b1100:  // BNE
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b01;
``````
    jump = 1'b0;   
``````
   end
``````
 4'b1101:  // J
``````
   begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b1;   
``````
   end   
``````
 default: begin
``````
    reg_dst = 1'b1;
``````
    alu_src = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_to_reg = 1'b0;
``````
    reg_write = 1'b1;
``````
    mem_read = 1'b0;
``````
    mem_write = 1'b0;
``````
    beq = 1'b0;
``````
    bne = 1'b0;
``````
    alu_op = 2'b00;
``````
    jump = 1'b0; 
``````
   end
``````
 endcase
``````
 end
``````



``````
endmodule
```
```

### 8. Verilog code for the 16-bit RISC processor:

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```

```
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````



``````
module Risc_16_bit(
``````
 input clk
``````
);
``````
 wire jump,bne,beq,mem_read,mem_write,alu_src,reg_dst,mem_to_reg,reg_write;
``````
 wire[1:0] alu_op;
``````
 wire [3:0] opcode;
``````
 // Datapath
``````
 Datapath_Unit DU
``````
 (
``````
  .clk(clk),
``````
  .jump(jump),
``````
  .beq(beq),
``````
  .mem_read(mem_read),
``````
  .mem_write(mem_write),
``````
  .alu_src(alu_src),
``````
  .reg_dst(reg_dst),
``````
  .mem_to_reg(mem_to_reg),
``````
  .reg_write(reg_write),
``````
  .bne(bne),
``````
  .alu_op(alu_op),
``````
  .opcode(opcode)
``````
 );
``````
 // control unit
``````
 Control_Unit control
``````
 (
``````
  .opcode(opcode),
``````
  .reg_dst(reg_dst),
``````
  .mem_to_reg(mem_to_reg),
``````
  .alu_op(alu_op),
``````
  .jump(jump),
``````
  .bne(bne),
``````
  .beq(beq),
``````
  .mem_read(mem_read),
``````
  .mem_write(mem_write),
``````
  .alu_src(alu_src),
``````
  .reg_write(reg_write)
``````
 );
``````



``````
endmodule
```
```

### 9. Verilog Testbench code for the 16-bit RISC Processor:

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```

```
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
``````
`include "Parameter.v"
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Verilog testbench code to test the processor
``````
module test_Risc_16_bit;
``````



``````
 // Inputs
``````
 reg clk;
``````



``````
 // Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
``````
 Risc_16_bit uut (
``````
  .clk(clk)
``````
 );
``````



``````
 initial 
``````
  begin
``````
   clk 0;
``````
   `simulation_time;
``````
   $finish;
``````
  end
``````



``````
 always 
``````
  begin
``````
   #5 clk = ~clk;
``````
  end
``````



``````
endmodule
```
```

#### Parameter file:

- 
- 
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```

```
`ifndef PARAMETER_H_
``````
`define PARAMETER_H_
``````
// fpga4student.com 
``````
// FPGA projects, VHDL projects, Verilog projects 
``````
// Verilog code for RISC Processor 
``````
// Parameter file
``````
`define col 16 // 16 bits instruction memory, data memory
``````
`define row_i 15 // instruction memory, instructions number, this number can be changed. Adding more instructions to verify your design is a good idea.
``````
`define row_d 8 // The number of data in data memory. We only use 8 data. Do not change this number. You can change the value of each data inside test.data file. Total number is fixed at 8. 
``````
`define filename "./test/50001111_50001212.o"
``````
`define simulation_time #160
``````



``````
`endif
```
```

**test.prog (Intruction memory)**

#### **Example instruction memory file:** 

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```

```
0000_0100_0000_0000 // load R0 0)
``````
0000_0100_0100_0001 // load R1 1)
``````
0010_0000_0101_0000 // Add R2 
``````
0001_0010_1000_0000 // Store Mem(R1 + 0) 
``````
0011_0000_0101_0000 // sub R2 
``````
0100_0000_0101_0000 // invert R2 
``````
0101_0000_0101_0000 // logical shift left R2 
``````
0110_0000_0101_0000 // logical shift right R2 >R1 
``````
0111_0000_0101_0000 // AND R2AND R1 
``````
1000_0000_0101_0000 // OR R2OR R1 
``````
1001_0000_0101_0000 // SLT R2 1 if R0 
``````
0010_0000_0000_0000 // Add R0 
``````
1011_0000_0100_0001 // BEQ branch to jump if R0=R1, PCnew= PC+2+offset1 = 28 => offset = 1
``````
1100_0000_0100_0000 // BNE branch to jump if R0!=R1, PCnew= PC+2+offset1 = 28 => offset = 0
``````
1101_0000_0000_0000 // J jump to the beginning address
```
```

**test.data (Initial content of data memory)**

#### **Example data memory file:**

- 
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- 

```

```
0000_0000_0000_0001
``````
0000_0000_0000_0010
``````
0000_0000_0000_0001
``````
0000_0000_0000_0010
``````
0000_0000_0000_0001
``````
0000_0000_0000_0010
``````
0000_0000_0000_0001
``````
0000_0000_0000_0010
```
```

感谢阅读，别走！点赞、关注、转发后再走吧

![](https://ebaina.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/wechat-official-crawl/2022-03/164609640947836.jpg)

参考链接：

https://www.fpga4student.com/2017/01/verilog-code-for-single-cycle-MIPS-processor.html

https://www.fpga4student.com/2017/04/verilog-code-for-16-bit-risc-processor.html

转载：全栈芯片工程师
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